Yep. I agree.
It's normal for people to fall 300 feet and die. It's a fatal height.
People have fallen 10k, 20k and 30000 feet, and have survived the drop.
It isn't inconceivable for a bullet to get lodged in a man's spine or ricochet off hard bone.
Weird things happen. The real world is like that.
In the thread split off from this one, I did a bunch of reading on wounds and ballistics. Ammo typically used in civilian contexts differs from military in that the bullets are typically softer so that they yaw immediately upon entry to fragment or mushroom. For hunting this is to prevent an animal getting a clean enter-exit wound so it can get away and just die elsewhere, the hope is one shot one kill. This means civilian ammo is more likely to kill but also less likely to punch clean through a person. Due to its softer material, a bullet travelling at high velocity (and given enough time to reach said velocity) is more likely to start deforming even prior to hitting the target, making it more likely to fragment or yaw and otherwise slowdown immediately or veer off the more or less straight line it hit the target at. This deforming is helped by some of the lead being scraped off the bullet as it leaves the barrel, with longer barrels scraping off more bullet whilst also helping it achieve a faster, more-likely-to-deform velocity.
The bullet didn't necessarily even have to hit bone to not exit as it could've weakened enough in integrity - which it's supposed to do, assuming it's not FMJ - to fragment into enough pieces in his throat to come out the other end. Alternatively, it could've achieved enough yaw in his throat - a few cm - to alter course and hit his spine instead.
As morbid as this subject is, I did find it interesting to look into. Had Charlie been hit with an FMJ round the likelihood of no exit wound be very low sans the possible spine collision, which is still unlikely but not impossible given an FMJ round has 15% chance of yawing early according to the data in those PDFs.
Though having read all of this, it makes discussion over whether he was hit with a .30-06 or not rather pointless given it's still subject to the same structural flaws as most other civilian ammo types. If we could see the casings we can tell from mere observation whether the rounds were civilian or military. If the former, the likelihood of no exit wound is statistically more probable than not, if the latter, then it becomes statistically improbable.
JFK was shot with 6.5×52mm Carcano, a much weaker and older round than .30-06, but the first still travelled clear through his throat and into someone else. That round was military surplus (FMJ), giving it much greater penetration power and less aggravated wounds. Had Charlie been shot with FMJ, and the statistically higher (though not certain) lack of yaw occurred, and assuming no follow up shot like with JFK (He was similarly in a "not impossible to survive" scenario with the first shot), it's not impossible he could've survived the ordeal.
This doesn't detract from the conspiracies/alt-narratives entirely though:
(1) The shot was meant to be a non-lethal as a warning but the unlikely scenario occurred and he died instead. (Apparently a thing Mossad has done or something/agencies aren't immune to fuckups)
(2) We were told what were on the casings and not shown the casings themselves because if they were FMJ that may lend validity to the idea he's an asset or something. (I don't know if we were shown pictures of the bullets or not, or how easy/difficult it is to get .30-06 FMJ)
They're rebukeable but still. I think the "no exit wound" thing has too much plausible explanation behind it.