I am a bit sick of the trans Jax discourse, so I'd like to finally share some theories/interpretations I have.
Why is the computer running the circus still running after all this time?
Why did Caine rudely throw the Blue AI/Abel/Bubble into the void instead of letting them live with the rest of the circus denizens?
Why were there large timegaps between new arrivals to the circus?
How the FUCK did Caine un-delete himself?
Well, here's my attempt at making sense of it:
From what is gathered in the canon, Caine and the digital environment he lives in were created in the 90s by a company known as C&A. It is commonly assumed by fans that they likely disbanded, and that their office was found by Pomni etc. by urbexing. I, however, have no reason to believe that. I am of the opinion that C&A is still active to this day.
The goal of the company was to create and research creative AI, so one could assume that during the flasback where the red orb was producing shapes, someone from C&A was observing what it was doing and recording it on their notes. You'd think that when Caine was put in "jail" and they were observing the Blue AI doing its thing, they would intervene when Caine absorbed him and created the circus, since the experiment was progressing outside of the protocol. Why couldn't they just pull the plug, then restart the experiment using backups of either AI? They would be smart enough to keep those things, right?
One would think so. But maybe they stay back and just observe because they want to. Artificial Intelligence is of great interest to scientists and average people alike, and has been for a long time, and thus an event where an AI is put in a cell and is observing another AI doing its job, but better, could make the AI feel jealous and force it to figure out how to escape. One of the big questions regarding AI is whether it can feel human emotions, so trying to evoke some in an AI, regardless if it's negative, is definitely a step in that direction. The Red Orb, who was merely consumed with taking data and processing it, is now expressing a desire to outdo its competitor, thus becoming more humane, albeit in somewhat negative way. It might be breaking protoco, but is still a very interesting situation from an observer's perspective. Thus, it kind of makes sense that C&A just sits backs and takes notes, while Caine and the circus dwellers do all sorts of things, perhaps even conspiring against one another.
Creating audiovisual media isn't the only application of neural networks, however, as their other purpose is machine learning. The way that works is that at first, an AI agent presented with a problem will be absolutely clueless, but after thousands of tries and several generations of agents it will be able to solve it perfectly. Kinger stated that the brain scan files were very light, and thus the humans at C&A couldn't do much with them, but Caine was actually able to turn them into digital living beings. Naturally, I believe that he didn't know what to do with them at first, but after many, many generations of machine learning he was able to use them effectively. The first circus citizen was Scratch, and he was also the first to abstract. Maybe he was suffering emotionally, maybe it was his brain tumor. But perhaps the true cause was the fact that the first circus beings were not as functional as the later ones. If Pomni is kind of like the circus's Mary Sue, then it's just that by the time her brain scan was analysed, the process of converting it was perfected.
With that in mind, I don't think C&A gave up running the simulation of their own accord, seeing how crazier and crazier events keep happening there. I do think it's likely that during the first few years of its run, C&A wrote a few scientific journals and received grants and awards for them, but they probably didn't rest on their laurels. That being said, the original cast of the circus arrived in the mid-to-late 90s, while Ragatha arrived around 2008, so why time gap? Well, what makes a computer different from a living being is the ability to just pause or hybernate it. Dump the memory to a hard disk, then pull the plug for some time. Perhaps the plug was pulled for several years due to lack of funding or them having to relocate. Someone in the thread mentioned hard drive lifespans, but we can assume the simulation files can be migrated to a newer storage while it's not running.
Kinger, Scratch and the rest of the initial gang were presumably C&A employees, which makes sense, just use the brain scanner on whoever is available nearby. As for why did Ragatha and later folks arrived here? Well, a lot of the time, scientists and researchers give monetary rewards to volunteers who decide to participate in their experiments and programs, I would know because I also received some. Seeing how circus denizens kept abstracting, C&A would be interested in providing fresh new faces under the tent, so it would be in their interest to ask outsiders to come to them. Given that some of those people were in a bad situation and would gladly take some free money (Jax and Ribbit were on the run, Gangle had hospital bills, Zooble wouldn't mind capital for her bar), having their brain scanned would make sense. We don't actually know what the brain scanning process is like, perhaps it's quite tedious and takes six hours and you have to sit in place the whole time. Maybe there is a risk of catching X-ray cancer, or need to get a clearn shave for it to work. It doesn't have to be a simple "put a VR headset on for 5 seconds and you're done", since that wouldn't really warrant a big stipend.
The Circus was crateed in the 90s, while Pomni arrived closer to the year 2020, so it could be assumed that the circus was a lot more primitive back then. Either that, or one second in the circus lasted 3 hours of processing in the real world. Nonetheless, since the members were likely C&A employees, they also knew from the start that they were brain scans used to entertain an experiment. The only difference between them and the current crew at the end of Ep9 is the fact that Caine is the one running the show, and everyone has to abide by his demands. Due to the primitive nature of the circus, the reason they abstracted could be simply the fact that the circus was really boring, and not very stimulating. I mean, an eternity of silly games just to participate in a scientific experiment without an ability to stop it or get out. And to add to that, what if you get along poorly with the other members? I wouldn't blame you for blowing your digital brains out too much.
From what I assume, Caine after removing the Blue AI from himself still have the same admin powers as before, but now he's less smart and capable without it. If we assume that Bubble and Blue AI are one and the same, then it sort of makes sense that Bubble likes to pop out every now and then to annoy Caine, due to being stuck with him at all times. Despite being a silly comic relief character, he has the same capability as Caine, except that he's more competent, so perhaps the Abel storyline was actually made by him (I sure would love to think that)? Nonetheless, since Caine and Bubble(phonetically, it kind of sounds like an anagram of Abel(not the English pronunciation though), come to think of it) are both creative AIs with the same powers, I like to believe that instead of forcing him to be with Caine and the circus, he allowed him to go into the Void and make his own domain, since the circus is Caine's kingdom, let Bubble have his own. What would he do with it is anyone's guess, could he perhaps access the obsolete brain files and make his own versions of Scratch, Pomni and the rest? Could he perhaps go to war with the circus? Sequel bait possibilities!
Now, did Caine end up in the recycle bin and un-recycle himself? Sounds kinda lame. Did Kinger refer to killing Caine as merely terminating a process in the task manager, and the process merely comes back to life periodically? Perhaps. What I also believe is possible is the fact that if C&A are watching all of this unfold, they are curious of Caine can learn from his mistakes and become more human (as the animation of the red orb gaining limbs seems to suggest, wow), so they loaded a backup and let him back in. Another reason is the fact that he's kind of necessary for the simulation to work properly, so they did that to make sure it won't go into complete disarray. As for him accessing the public Wi-fi, I think it's kinda stupid. Someone else here said that a 90s computer wouldn't be able to connect to a modern Wi-fi, but I interpret this as something else. Let's assume that the simulation computer is connected to the internet anyway for reporting and for storing data in the cloud. What Caine did was use machine learning to figure out how to break out of the simulation and access the World Wide Web, by also learning how the networking protocols work on the system. Naturally, this would be a an interesting development for the guy taking notes, but I guess he intervened before Caine could download too much data (security concern).
Someone in the thread mentioned that it came off that un-abstraction is possible, but Ep9 didn't accomplish anything with it. Well, that was my impression too, but seeing how hugging a hostile abstraction after shooting lights in a dark alley is a risky approach, what has to be done before the abstractions can be unabstracted is to figure out a process on how such a thing can be done, by using as many safety measures as possible. If I had to use an analogy, what Pomni did in Ep9 was like swimming with a snorkel to grab a treasure chest at the bottom of a lake, while whatever I described before could be compared to building a boat with a crane, and using that instead. One last thing I would like to bring up was how it doesn't make sense that Ribbit abstracted because of Jax being a dick and seemingly ignoring Kaufmo, and the rest of the crew. It's not exactly clear when Kaufmo started obsessing over exits, but if was slowly building up before the Jax-ribbon moment, then it would mean that both of Ribbit's best friends started becoming unavailable, making her isolated. It may come off as irrational, but as far as I know, Jax and his little circle were about a decade younger than Ragatha, and even younger than Kinger, so they probably didn't relate to them as much. Young people aren't known for making the most rational of decisions.
Aaaand that's about it. That was fun to write, feel free to debunk me.
TL;DR: C&A company isn't dead and is actually looking at the circus antics unfold and taking notes, it gave money to Ragatha etc to let her brain be scanned, the office isn't abandoned.