Space Kiwibros I'm scared why does this mean for us beating the Chicoms to the moon????
The logic is fairly simple, increase SLS cadence. Get it flying more. This will make the SLS program cheaper, and help save costs in the long term. Cadence is the main issue with SLS, where a lot of NASA's requested budget goes to renting facilities used for SLS which are only used for SLS. Take the VAB, funding from SLS included the maintenance of the facility. And this includes many other facilities, which is why SLS is important because it keeps those centres available. These are fixed costs with SLS.
Now, when it comes to beating China to the moon? China was planning for the 2030s, this is meant to be an in orbit crewed test of the human landers (if available) which would be a stripped down form. In theory, SpaceX could potentially be ready for such a mission next year if they sort out Starship (I'd give it 50/50) and feel as if they could launch a stripped down HLS with only critical systems + life support. What Issacman is wanting to do is basically get SLS' production up and be ready to fly in 2028 with probably a Centaur-V in the stead of the Interim Cryogenic Upper Stage. Especially with EUS being on the way out.
All the hardware pretty much works. There's only a few things needed to be done. First, is to create two new interstages/adapters for the stage used. The next, is modify the launch tower. After this, verify the code and the final is human rating it.
This being the new graphic:
Edit: China's architecture for lunar exploration is also substantially different than NASA's and doesn't really scale well. I'll explain this later.