I don't know if I fully understand the early 20th century legalese, but I guess the context is the southern cotton farmers imported the bags and ties used for bundling their harvests from Canada, and Congress issued a law that made those things exempt from duty during the Civil War. Republicans had passed another law that overrode that exemption a few years before this session in 1909, and Democrats wanted to repeal it. They didn't have enough members present for a quorum, so this diatribe was "Cotton Tom" Heflin chastising the Republicans while waiting for more people to show up to kill the Republican filibuster.